Right now there is talk of floods everywhere due to rain, but a few days ago there was a severe shortage of water in many places in the country. According to the World Water Bank, a water crisis occurs when the annual supply of waterfalls is below 1700 cubic meters per person. The news even came that in order to save water in the city, along with banning the use of soap and shampoo, daily bathing was banned.
According to research, most of the cities facing water crisis are situated on the banks of rivers and the population here is very high and the water of rivers was used excessively. The condition of rivers and water bodies deteriorated due to haphazard use. The United Nations says that by 2025 the world's 1.8 billion population will be facing a severe water crisis. In big cities of the world, water bodies are continuously drying up and the situation is getting dire.
According to the World Bank, a water crisis occurs when the annual supply of waterfalls is below 1700 cubic meters per person. Come, let's have a look at some cities of the world which are constantly battling with the problem of water and how the lifestyle of those cities going on…
There is also a water crisis situation in Sao Paulo, which is called the economic capital of Brazil. The situation of a city with a population of more than 20 million has become like Cape Town. Due to the increasing drought, water was being supplied there for only 20 days. Apart from this, water is transported from one place to another through trucks, for which heavy security arrangements are also made. In 2014, there was a severe drought, due to which the water capacity fell by 3 percent. But due to indiscriminate deforestation of Amazon forests and wastage of 31 percent water, the problem went on increasing and now the situation of water crisis remains here.
The African city of Cape Town has been very much discussed in the last 2 years (2017-18) due to the scarcity of water. Last year, the water capacity of a dam in the city was reduced by 13.5 per cent and there was a severe water shortage. Due to this, the 40 lakh population of the city had to face a lot of problems. In January last year, the administration announced that the city was on the verge of drought. The administration had to make efforts to conserve rainwater and the water is available in other ways. It has not been successful yet, but only about 50 percent of water is available in the dam, the condition of drought still persists.
Mexico's capital Mexico City is also one of those cities that have been facing water shortage for a long time. Most of the city's water is stored in underground tanks. To meet the water requirement, the city has to rely on pumps. A city with a population of 21 million gets only a few hours of water every week. The quality of the pipes installed for water distribution in the city is very poor, due to which 40 percent of the total water supply is wasted.
Japan's capital Tokyo is also one of the major cities facing water crisis. The city of Tokyo is facing severe heat these days. Tokyo gets the same amount of water every year as the American city of Seattle, popularly known as the 'Rainy City', but for only 4 months. If rain water is not conserved, the city may face a severe water shortage. To overcome the problem of water, rain water harvesting (water conservation) arrangements were made on 750 public and private buildings of the city. 70 percent of the people of this city with more than 30 million people depend on rivers, lakes or melted snow for drinking water. Due to the introduction of the pipeline system, a target has been set to stop the wastage of water here by only 3 percent. The city has faced water shortage at least once in every decade since 1960.
The water crisis is also a big problem in Indonesia's capital Jakarta. According to the New York Times, more than 70 per cent of the country's water sources are polluted. Less than half of the population of the capital, Jakarta, has access to pipelined water. This city is included in those cities of the world where the sea level is rapidly decreasing. Every year the water level here is decreasing by 7 to 20 cm.
Melbourne, Australia's most popular city, is also facing water problems. Melbourne faced a similar water crisis in the last decade after centuries. Between 1997 and 2009, there was an alarming level of drought in Australian history. Due to the destruction of forests in large parts of the city, the city had to face a water crisis. Due to the cutting of the forest, the water level kept falling and there was a situation of drought.
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