Today, the Modi government has completed seven years. For the first time in seven years, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is seen in difficulty. Perhaps this is also the first time that no special event has been announced by the government on this occasion. But, in the last seven years, the Modi government has taken many such decisions which have been in the news. After the completion of seven years of the government, let us know about seven such decisions, which not only made headlines but impacted every Indian.
What changed: Prime Minister Narendra Modi came on TV and said that from tonight, 500 and 1000 rupee notes will be useless. They were allowed to deposit in banks. The entire emphasis of the government shifted to increasing digital currency and creating a digital economy. The concept of minimum cash came.
Knowledge: In one stroke 85% currency was converted into paper with the decision of the Prime Minister. The old 500 and 1000 rupee notes could be deposited in banks. The government issued 500 and 2000 new notes. To achieve this, the entire country got engaged in the line of ATMs. After 21 months of demonetisation, the report of the Reserve Bank came that the total value of 500 and 1000 notes deposited with the Reserve Bank during the demonetisation was Rs 15.31 lakh crore. At the time of demonetisation, 500 and thousand notes of total value of 15.41 lakh crore were going on in the country. That is, 99.3% of the money was returned to the Reserve Bank.
What went well: Digital transactions increased. There was a digital transaction of Rs 1013 crore in 2016-17. This increased to Rs 2,070.39 crore in 2017-18 and a digital transaction of Rs 3133.58 crore in 2018-19.
What went wrong: The Prime Minister described it as a big weapon against black money, terrorism, fake currency. But black money also became white. After demonetization in Swiss banks, Indian money increased by 50%. There was also no major success against terrorism, Naxalism, and fake currency.
What changed: For the first time after independence, India entered the enemy's border and taught it a lesson. India's attitude towards dealing with terrorism has changed. The Modi government also benefited a lot in the Lok Sabha elections held a few days later. Modi government returned to power again
Knowledge: India crossed the international border for the first time after the 1971 war. India crossed the international border during the Indo-Pakistan War after independence. It was the first time during the first surgical strike and then the airstrike when India went beyond the international border and taught the terrorists a lesson to respond to terrorist incidents despite the war situation.
What went well: India's image was strengthened to fight against terrorism. It was felt throughout the country that India can go and eliminate its enemies anywhere.
What went wrong: A few hours after the airstrike, Pakistani aircraft crossed the Line of Control and entered the Indian border, and bombed. During this time India's MiG-21 fell into the Pakistani border and Wing Commander Abhinandan was arrested by Pakistan. However, he had released two days later.
What changed: Each state levied its own tax. Now only GST is charged. Half of the tax goes to the central government and half to the states. The recovery is done by the central government. Later returns the money to the states.
Knowledge: In 2000, Atal Bihari Vajpayee's government first decided to impose a tax across the country. A committee was also formed to enact the bill. But the states feared that they would not get as much revenue as they are getting. Because of this, the matter was stuck. In March 2011, the Manmohan Singh government introduced the Constitutional Amendment Bill to implement the GST in the Lok Sabha, but it got stuck due to opposition from the states. In 2014, Narendra Modi's government brought the Constitution Amendment Bill with many changes. The bill was passed by the Parliament in August 2016 following protests and changes at several levels. On 12 April 2017, the four GST-related Bills got the assent of the President after it was passed by the Parliament. These 4 laws are – Central GST Bill, Integrated GST Bill, GST (Compensation to States) Bill and Union Territory GST Bill. After that, from midnight of July 1, 2017, the new system came into force throughout the country.
What went well: The tax discrepancy was resolved. Now every country in the country is taxed the same. Initially, the industry faced some problems. But gradually the situation is improving. After several changes, this process is now smooth.
What went wrong: Petroleum products and excise were excluded from the GST due to opposition from the states. The government has failed to agree on this. States are still charging different taxes on petrol and diesel. Due to this, petrol is 80 rupees liter in a state and 100 rupees liter in a state.
What changed: The central government made the law illegal to abolish relations by saying Talaq thrice to a Muslim woman were divorced. Those who did so were sentenced to three years, also arranged alimony/compensation for Muslim women.
Knowledge: After 15 years of marriage to Saira Banu, Rizwan Ahmed broke up in 2016 by saying divorce thrice. Saira filed a petition in the Supreme Court against this. On this, a bench of five judges of the Supreme Court ruled against triple talaq on 22 August 2017. The government was also asked to enact a law against triple talaq. The Modi government issued the ordinance in February 2018. It was introduced in the Parliament in the shape of the bill and despite all the protests, it was passed by both houses in December 2018. The demand to send the bill to the Select Committee was also turned down.
What went well: If a Muslim man ends his relationship by saying Talaq-Talaq-Talaq to his wife, then he may have to face a sentence of up to three years. Three divorce cases have come down to 5% -10%.
What went wrong: The law provides that a married woman must complain to herself. There have been many cases where illiterate women are unable to complain under pressure from husbands or in-laws.
What changed: The Central Government removed Article 370 of the Constitution from Jammu and Kashmir by administrative resolution. The privileges granted to the state were over. Jammu and Kashmir was divided into two union territories – Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
Knowledge: In 1948, Raja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir laid the condition of privilege before merging with India. Jammu and Kashmir remained separate even after being a part of India. The state has its own separate constitution. There were few laws applicable in India. Children did not even get the right to education (RTE). Only Kashmiris could buy land in Kashmir. State government jobs were also available only to permanent citizens. The BJP had also been demanding the abolition of Article 370 for a long time. Many times this issue went to the courts as well, but the deadlock remained. After the decision of the Modi government, the big change is that now all the laws of the Center apply there.
What went well: Jammu and Kashmir formally became part of India. All the laws of India came into force in Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. MNREGA, Right to Education was also implemented.
What went wrong: The political parties in the state did not accept this decision. The leaders were kept under house arrest. Communication facilities, including the Internet, had to be suspended. Tourism was affected. People faced trouble.
What changed: The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) grants citizenship to non-Muslim (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Sikh, Parsi, and Christian) migrants from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. Earlier these people had to live in India for 11 years to get citizenship of India. This period was reduced from 11 years to 6 years after the Citizenship Amendment Bill.
Knowledge: This bill was passed by the Lok Sabha in January 2019. The term of the 16th Lok Sabha expired even before it passed the Rajya Sabha. With the dissolution of the Lok Sabha, this bill was also repealed. After the formation of the 17th Lok Sabha, the Modi government introduced this bill afresh. The bill passed in the Lok Sabha on 10 December 2019 and in the Rajya Sabha on 11 December 2019. It was implemented on January 10, 2020, following a signature from the President.
What went well: For many years people living in India illegally got easier to get Indian citizenship. However, the government has failed to make rules. A committee of MPs has to file them by 9 July 2021.
What went wrong: Those opposing the bill say that it specifically targeted the Muslim community. It is also a violation of Article 14 of the Constitution which talks about the right to equality.
What changed: Banks were asked to get relief from rising NPAs and provide better banking facilities to consumers.
Knowledge: It was announced to merge ten state-run banks to form four large banks. Oriental Bank of Commerce and United Bank were merged with Punjab National Bank. Syndicate Bank merged Canara Bank and Allahabad Bank with Indian Bank. It was announced to link Andhra Bank and Corporation Bank with Union Bank of India. With this, the government also approved the privatization of IDBI Bank.
What went well: Customers are getting better facilities. The cost of banks decreased. Productivity of banks increased. It helped in increasing the income of the bank. There was an opportunity to invest more in technology. Along with this, they are trying to compete with private banks better. It also helped to control the sinking lone.
What went wrong: VRS was administered to many lower-level employees to reduce costs.
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